Valium 10 mg is mainly used to treat anxiety, insomnia, and symptoms of acute alcohol or opiate withdrawal. It is also used as a premedication for inducing sedation, anxiolysis or amnesia before certain medical procedures (e.g., endoscopy).

Intravenous Valium 10 mg or lorazepam are first line treatments for status epilepticus. Valium 10 mg is rarely used for the long-term treatment of epilepsy because tolerance to the anticonvulsant effects of Valium 10 mg usually develops within 6 to 12 months of treatment, effectively rendering it useless for this purpose.

Valium 10 mg has a broad spectrum of indications (most of which are off-label), including:

* Treatment of anxiety, panic attacks, and states of agitation
* Adjunctive treatment of other forms of epilepsy
* Treatment of neurovegetative symptoms associated with vertigo
* Treatment of the symptoms of alcohol, opiate and benzodiazepine withdrawal
* Short-term treatment of insomnia
* Treatment of tetanus, together with other measures of intensive-treatment
* Adjunctive treatment of spastic muscular paresis (para-/tetraplegia) caused by cerebral or spinal cord conditions such as stroke, multiple sclerosis, spinal cord injury (long-term treatment is coupled with other rehabilitative measures)
* Palliative treatment of stiff person syndrome
* Pre-/postoperative sedation, anxiolysis and/or amnesia (e.g., before endoscopic or surgical procedures)[9]
* Treatment of overdosage with hallucinogens or CNS stimulants
* Adjunctive treatment of drug-induced seizures, resulting from exposure to sarin, VX, soman (or other organophosphate poisons; See #CANA), lindane, chloroquine, physostigmine, or pyrethroids
* Emergency treatment of eclampsia, along with IV magnesium sulfate
* Prophylactic treatment of oxygen toxicity during hyperbaric oxygen therapy
* Used in the treatment for irritable bowel syndrome
* Used to treat pain resulting from muscle spasms caused by various dystonias, including blepharospasm

Valium 10 mg Dosage

Dosages should be determined on an individual basis, depending upon the condition to be treated, the severity of symptoms, the body weight of the patient, and any comorbid conditions the patient may have.

Typical dosages for healthy adults range from 2 mg per dose to 10 mg per dose taken 2 to 4 times per day, depending on such factors as body weight and condition being treated. For the elderly or people with liver disorders, initial dose is at the low end of the range, with the dose being increased as required.

Valium Availability

Valium  is marketed in over 500 brands throughout the world. It is supplied in the following forms:

* For oral administration:
o Tablets – 2 mg, 5 mg, 10 mg. Generic versions available.
o Capsules, time-release – 15 mg (marketed by Roche as Valrelease)
o Liquid solution – 1 mg/ml in 500 ml containers and unit-dose (5 mg & 10 mg); 5 mg/ml in 30 ml dropper bottle (marketed by Roxane as Valium 10 mg Intensol)

* For parenteral administration:
o Solution for IV/IM injection – 5 mg/ml. 2 ml ampoules and syringes; 1 ml, 2 ml, 10 ml vials; 2 ml Tel-E-Ject; also contains 40% propylene glycol, 10% ethyl alcohol, 5% sodium benzoate and benzoic acid as buffers, and 1.5% benzyl alcohol as a preservative.
+ Note: IM injection is largely less effective as the drug is injected into a tetanic muscle with compressed muscular veins. This does not allow the drug to reach the circulation rapidly. (See comment above, under Pharmacokinetics, re IM injection).

Seduxen (Valium 10 mg, in Hungary, Russia, Poland, and other Eastern-European countries) is supplied in the following forms:

* For oral administration:
o Tablets 5 mg
o Injection 5 mg/ml for intravenous, intramuscular or subcutaneous usage

* For parenteral administration:
o Solution for IV/IM injection – 5 mg/ml. 2 ml ampoules and syringes; 1 ml, 2 ml, 10 ml vials; 2 ml Tel-E-Ject; also contains 40% propylene glycol, 10% ethyl alcohol, 5% sodium benzoate and benzoic acid as buffers, and 1.5% benzyl alcohol as a preservative.[29][30]

Notice: IM injection is largely less effective as the drug is injected into a tetanic muscle with compressed muscular veins. This does not allow the drug to reach the circulation rapidly.

* For rectal administration:
o Solution
o Suppositories – 5 mg and 10 mg
o Rectal tubes

* For inhalation administration: This method uses heating Valium 10 mg to form a vapor later producing an aerosol. This allows the drug to be passed through an inhalation route during an inhalation therapy. Provided in doses 2–20 mg either in a single inhalation or multiple small inhalations

* The United States military employs a specialized Valium 10 mg preparation known as CANA (Convulsive Antidote, Nerve Agent), which contains a mixture of Valium 10 mg, atropine and pralidoxime (2-PAM). One CANA kit is typically issued to service members, along with three Mark I NAAK kits, when operating in circumstances where chemical weapons in the form of nerve agents are considered a potential hazard. Both of these kits deliver drugs using auto-injectors. They are intended for use in “buddy aid” or “self aid” administration of the drugs in the field prior to decontamination and delivery of the patient to definitive medical care.

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